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碳纳米管薄膜的多维定向生长

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发表于 2006-8-24 01:17:31 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
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" I& A% p; f5 w9 `2 v6 m$ G6 U' E      摘要:</b>随着对碳纳米管研究的不断深入,对碳纳米管的应用研究越来越受到人们的重视。通过分析碳纳米管的物理特性,对碳纳米管的应用前景进行了广泛的探索。CVD方法是制备大面积碳纳米管阵列的常用方法,我们着重介绍了碳纳米管在CVD方法生长初期的自组装微结构特点。在此基础上,讨论了碳纳米管阵列的生长机理和选择性生长现象。基于此现象,我们制备出了碳纳米管多维结构,并将在众多的领域具有广泛的应用前景。</span></font></td>0 f" m* w- k1 T. i
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text-autospace:none"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight:normal"><font size="2"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">Abstract:</span></font></b><font size="2"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size:10&#46;5pt;
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- W& D# T8 N" T- @4 V. a) v0pt"> The application of carbon nanotube has attracted a lot of attention with
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      the development of the research on the carbon nanotube&#46; By analyzing its 2 G8 f) k" @. b  o
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      unique physical properties, its future application is discussed in detail&#46;
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+ @% D% n- C1 d! Y8 H! q9 g      Chemical vapor deposition (CVD) is an economic way to grow carbon / D0 D! G$ d1 W+ F2 s
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      nanotubes and is frequently employed to fabricate nanotubes on planar
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      substrates&#46; We focus on the discussion of the <span style="mso-bidi-font-weight:bold">self-organization
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8 i& m5 {) R" ~, g. \; Q* y      of CNTs at the early growth stages&#46; </span>On the basis, we investigate
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      the growth mechanism<span style="mso-bidi-font-weight:bold"> of the
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* q& K: c/ `, }1 m  t      nanotubes and the self-selective growth method&#46; </span>From this analysis, 6 T5 v" d! H" B5 }0 d

# H  ?+ O, D6 b' v3 m* c7 l0 @& [      it can be understood that the <span style="mso-bidi-font-weight:bold">2D-3D # n, h, r( V8 v1 W$ E, K, t

& d/ e( h5 o/ \+ n      structures of CNTs can be fabricated by this self-selective growth * Y: O4 ~: f) I" t

+ Q2 b$ ?. L5 e, u3 n! |' ?      technique, which is very useful in a wide range&#46; <o:p># y) ^1 _9 s; y6 z
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      <font size="2"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight:normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: DY101 ZKLHO2-102; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: DY101 ZKLHO2-102; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">Key
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      nanotubes; self-organization; 2D-3D structures</span></font>
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text-autospace:none"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight:normal"><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><font size="2">引<span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">  
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mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none"><font size="2"><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">自从</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-font-kerning: 0pt">1991</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">年碳纳米管被发现以来,科研人员就对它投入了极大的关注。在充分认识碳纳米管各种特性的基础上,人们也在不断地探索碳纳米管在实际中的应用</span><sup><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">[1-4]</span></sup><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">。研究表明,碳纳米管在电学、磁学、力学、热学以及物理化学方面具有独特的性能,因而在纳米电子学、纳米机械系统、电子场致发射、电磁吸收、传感器、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-font-kerning: 0pt">STM</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">探针、催化、探测生物细胞用电极及其他领域具有广泛的应用前景</span><sup><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">[5-10]</span></sup><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">。</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">这些应用的必要前提条件在于对碳纳米管生长的大面积可控生长,近年来许多研究集中于这一方面</span><sup><span lang="EN-US">[6,11]</span></sup><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">。</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p>
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mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none"><font size="2"><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">目前,可以通过化学气相沉积</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-font-kerning: 0pt">(CVD)</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">方法碳纳米管在平面基底上生长碳纳米管。在反应中,过渡金属元素颗粒作为催化剂,碳氢化合物作为碳源。通过这种方法,可以生长出大面积、排列整齐、分不均匀的碳纳米管阵列。这种碳纳米管阵列在储氢、场致发射、探针等方面有重要用途。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-font-kerning: 0pt">CVD</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">方法中的重要一种是利用二甲苯<span lang="EN-US">(</span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-font-kerning: 0pt">C<sub>8</sub>H<sub>10</sub>)</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">和二茂铁<span lang="EN-US">(</span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-font-kerning: 0pt">Fe(C<sub>5</sub>H<sub>5</sub>)<sub>2</sub>)</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">制备碳纳米管,通过控制二者的比例可以实现对其生长模式的控制;通过对反应机理的研究,进而可以对碳纳米管的生长位置进行控制,打到选择性生长和多维生长的目的。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p>1 ^2 u! @* G4 H" E
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